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Fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of inherited intellectual and developmental disabilities, affecting approximately 1 in 4,000 males and 1 in 8,000 females. There may or may not be a family history of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Fragile X syndrome causes a range of symptoms. Early signs include delayed speech and language. Intellectual abilities vary from mild learning disabilities to severe intellectual and developmental disabilities. Behavioral characteristics include autism, hyperactivity and poor eye contact. Physical features, such as a long face and large or prominent ears, are usually more noticeable in adults than in children, and in males more than females. View testing options